The
students being admitted to medical school has changed drastically in the recent
couple of decades. Medical schools are no longer just picking the students with
the best MCAT scores and the best grades. While these are still two of the most
important factors, medical schools are trying harder to find students that are
well-rounded. As a result, the coming years will witness the birth of a whole
new breed of doctors. The question I will try to answer is what does this
change means for the practice of medicine.
One
major change seen in students admitted to medical schools is their course of
study or undergraduate major. Science majors have always dominated, and they
continue to make up the majority. The percentage of applicants who are science
majors has remained steady, but what’s changing is who gets in. Medical schools
are now accepting an increasing percentage of non-science majors. For example, the University of Pennsylvania now matriculates a class with about 40 percent
non-science majors. In 1999, a national survey of first-year medical students
found that 58 percent took a social-science class for personal interest. In the 2006 entering class, the number was more than 70 percent. Additionally, humanities
students also score better on the MCAT. Data from 2006 shows that humanities
majors outscored biology majors in all categories.
The MCAT will be changing in 2015, and
these changes are indicative of this new non-science trend. There will be a new
section called Psychological, Social and Biological Foundations of Behavior.
According to the AAMC, the addition of this section stresses the importance
of socio-cultural and behavioral determinants of health and health outcomes.
Another
major change in the medical school admissions is that schools are accepting
more older and non-traditional students. In fact, about 30 percent do not take a
traditional pre-medical path. The average age of medical
students is increasing; not too long ago the average
matriculation age was 22, and now it is 24. More students seem to be getting a
Masters or PhD, or taking time off to work or travel before starting
medical school.
The
curriculum at most medical schools is also changing. Despite having to learn more
material over the years, medical students are spending less time in lecture.
This provides more time for independent study, research, and personal pursuits.
Clearly
we are breeding a whole new class of doctors. So what does all this mean? Are
our doctors going to be better or worse in the coming years? There is reason to
believe that this new generation of doctors will better be able to relate to
their patients. This is extremely important and will perhaps be more difficult
to do because the patient population is also changing; patients are becoming
older (due to aging Baby Boomers) and more racially and ethnically diverse. Therefore,
we need our doctors to be more diverse (I mostly mean diversity of experience)
and well-rounded. Students who take classes outside of the sciences are more
well-rounded. As a result, they have lives outside of medicine, which will make
them happier and less likely to be overwhelmed, which in turn will help them be
better doctors. Furthermore, taking more non-science classes and pursuing other
interests will allow doctors to better connect
with their patients. I have experienced this while
volunteering in the Emergency Department at the V.A. Hospital in Madison. One
of the veterans I was helping told me about how he served under Patton during
World War II. My education in history enabled me to have a great discussion
with him. Another time one of the veterans made a reference to Joseph Heller’s Catch
22. I read the book in one of my previous literature classes, so I was able
to converse intelligently with him. Connections between doctors and patients
will bring them closer together, enhance the patient-doctor relationship, and
make the patients feel more at ease during their time of suffering.
My only concern with this new class of
doctors is that some have less education in biology and biological research.
They may be better able to connect with their patients, but does this matter if
they are not as capable of diagnosing and treating patients compared to past
doctors, who almost all had strong science backgrounds and spent more time in
lecture during medical school? This is a tough question to answer, but the
strong science education that medical students receive should be enough to give
them the tools they need to think like doctors and scientists and treat
patients. Therefore, there is definitely reason to be optimistic about the
future of medicine.
